"ол" meaning in All languages combined

See ол on Wiktionary

Noun [俄语]

Forms: ol [romanization], о́ла, о́лы [nominative plural], о́лов [genitive plural]
Etymology: 繼承自古東斯拉夫語 олъ (olŭ, “發酵酒;烈酒”),源自原始斯拉夫語 *ȍlъ (“啤酒,發酵酒”)。
  1. 葡萄酒以外的所有酒
    Sense id: zh-ол-ru-noun-a5NO1h~w Categories (other): 俄語教會用語
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated

Pronoun [南阿爾泰語]

Forms: ól [romanization]
Etymology: 源自原始突厥語 *ol (“他/她”)。
  1. 他,她,它 (第三人稱單數代詞主語)
    Sense id: zh-ол-alt-pron-t80fJR8C
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated

Pronoun [哈卡斯语]

Forms: ol [romanization]
Etymology: 源自原始突厥語 *ol (“他/她”)。
  1. 他,她,它 (第三人稱單數代詞主語)
    Sense id: zh-ол-kjh-pron-t80fJR8C
  2. 那個
    Sense id: zh-ол-kjh-pron-oXyCOJii
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated

Pronoun [哈萨克语]

Forms: ol [romanization]
Etymology: 源自原始突厥語 *ol (“他/她”)。
  1. 他,她,它 (第三人稱單數代詞主語)
    Sense id: zh-ол-kk-pron-t80fJR8C
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated

Pronoun [图瓦语]

Forms: ol [romanization]
Etymology: 源自原始突厥語 *ol (“他/她”)。
  1. 他,她,它 (第三人稱單數代詞主語)
    Sense id: zh-ол-tyv-pron-t80fJR8C
  2. 那個,這個
    Sense id: zh-ол-tyv-pron-BTLsayVN
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated

Determiner [多尔干语]

Forms: ol [romanization]
Etymology: 源自原始突厥語 *ol (“他/她”)。
  1. 那個
    Sense id: zh-ол-dlg-det-oXyCOJii
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated

Pronoun [库梅克语]

Forms: ol [romanization]
Etymology: 源自原始突厥語 *ol (“他/她”)。
  1. 他,她,它 (第三人稱單數代詞主語)
    Sense id: zh-ол-kum-pron-t80fJR8C
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated

Determiner [雅库特语]

Forms: ol [romanization]
Etymology: 源自原始突厥語 *ol (“他/她”)。與土耳其語 o (“他,她,它,那個”)同源。
  1. 那個
    Sense id: zh-ол-sah-det-oXyCOJii
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms (那個): анараа Derived forms: оннук, onnuk

Pronoun [雅库特语]

Forms: ol [romanization]
Etymology: 源自原始突厥語 *ol (“他/她”)。與土耳其語 o (“他,她,它,那個”)同源。
  1. 它(無生)
    Sense id: zh-ол-sah-pron-YDr0mLuj
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: ол иһин, ol ihin

Inflected forms

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "多爾干語詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "多爾干語限定詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "帶有非標準語言標題的頁面",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "有8個詞條的頁面",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "派生自原始突厥語的多爾干語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "源自原始突厥語的多爾干語繼承詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "源自原始突厥語 *ol (“他/她”)。",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ol",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "多尔干语",
  "lang_code": "dlg",
  "pos": "det",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "那個"
      ],
      "id": "zh-ол-dlg-det-oXyCOJii",
      "raw_tags": [
        "指示"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ол"
}

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "哈薩克語代詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "哈薩克語詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "帶有非標準語言標題的頁面",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "有8個詞條的頁面",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "派生自原始突厥語的哈薩克語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "源自原始突厥語的哈薩克語繼承詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "源自原始突厥語 *ol (“他/她”)。",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ol",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "哈萨克语",
  "lang_code": "kk",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "他,她,它 (第三人稱單數代詞主語)"
      ],
      "id": "zh-ол-kk-pron-t80fJR8C"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ол"
}

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "哈卡斯語代詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "哈卡斯語詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "帶有非標準語言標題的頁面",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "有8個詞條的頁面",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "派生自原始突厥語的哈卡斯語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "源自原始突厥語的哈卡斯語繼承詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "源自原始突厥語 *ol (“他/她”)。",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ol",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "哈卡斯语",
  "lang_code": "kjh",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "他,她,它 (第三人稱單數代詞主語)"
      ],
      "id": "zh-ол-kjh-pron-t80fJR8C"
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "那個"
      ],
      "id": "zh-ол-kjh-pron-oXyCOJii",
      "raw_tags": [
        "指示代詞"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ол"
}

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "帶有非標準語言標題的頁面",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "庫梅克語代詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "庫梅克語詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "有8個詞條的頁面",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "派生自原始突厥語的庫梅克語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "源自原始突厥語的庫梅克語繼承詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "源自原始突厥語 *ol (“他/她”)。",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ol",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "库梅克语",
  "lang_code": "kum",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "他,她,它 (第三人稱單數代詞主語)"
      ],
      "id": "zh-ол-kum-pron-t80fJR8C"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ол"
}

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "俄語名詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "俄語詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "帶有非標準語言標題的頁面",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "有8個詞條的頁面",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "派生自原始斯拉夫語的俄語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "派生自古東斯拉夫語的俄語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "源自原始斯拉夫語的俄語繼承詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "源自古東斯拉夫語的俄語繼承詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "繼承自古東斯拉夫語 олъ (olŭ, “發酵酒;烈酒”),源自原始斯拉夫語 *ȍlъ (“啤酒,發酵酒”)。",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ol",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "о́ла",
      "raw_tags": [
        "屬格"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "о́лы",
      "tags": [
        "nominative plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "о́лов",
      "tags": [
        "genitive plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "俄语",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "俄語教會用語",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "葡萄酒以外的所有酒"
      ],
      "id": "zh-ол-ru-noun-a5NO1h~w",
      "raw_tags": [
        "教會"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "tags": [
    "inanimate",
    "masculine"
  ],
  "word": "ол"
}

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "南阿爾泰語代詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "南阿爾泰語詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "帶有非標準語言標題的頁面",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "手動轉寫與自動轉寫不同的南阿爾泰語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "有8個詞條的頁面",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "派生自原始突厥語的南阿爾泰語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "源自原始突厥語的南阿爾泰語繼承詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "源自原始突厥語 *ol (“他/她”)。",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ól",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "南阿爾泰語",
  "lang_code": "alt",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "他,她,它 (第三人稱單數代詞主語)"
      ],
      "id": "zh-ол-alt-pron-t80fJR8C"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ол"
}

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "圖瓦語代詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "圖瓦語詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "帶有非標準語言標題的頁面",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "有8個詞條的頁面",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "派生自原始突厥語的圖瓦語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "源自原始突厥語的圖瓦語繼承詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "源自原始突厥語 *ol (“他/她”)。",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ol",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "图瓦语",
  "lang_code": "tyv",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "他,她,它 (第三人稱單數代詞主語)"
      ],
      "id": "zh-ол-tyv-pron-t80fJR8C"
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "那個,這個"
      ],
      "id": "zh-ол-tyv-pron-BTLsayVN",
      "raw_tags": [
        "指示代詞"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ол"
}

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "帶有非標準語言標題的頁面",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "有8個詞條的頁面",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "派生自原始突厥語的雅庫特語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "源自原始突厥語的雅庫特語繼承詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "雅庫特語詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "雅庫特語限定詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "оннук"
    },
    {
      "word": "onnuk"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "源自原始突厥語 *ol (“他/她”)。與土耳其語 o (“他,她,它,那個”)同源。",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ol",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "雅库特语",
  "lang_code": "sah",
  "pos": "det",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "那個"
      ],
      "id": "zh-ол-sah-det-oXyCOJii"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "那個",
      "word": "анараа"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ол"
}

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "帶有非標準語言標題的頁面",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "有8個詞條的頁面",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "派生自原始突厥語的雅庫特語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "源自原始突厥語的雅庫特語繼承詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "雅庫特語代詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "雅庫特語詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "ол иһин"
    },
    {
      "word": "ol ihin"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "源自原始突厥語 *ol (“他/她”)。與土耳其語 o (“他,她,它,那個”)同源。",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ol",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "雅库特语",
  "lang_code": "sah",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "它(無生)"
      ],
      "id": "zh-ол-sah-pron-YDr0mLuj"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ол"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "俄語名詞",
    "俄語詞元",
    "帶有非標準語言標題的頁面",
    "有8個詞條的頁面",
    "派生自原始斯拉夫語的俄語詞",
    "派生自古東斯拉夫語的俄語詞",
    "源自原始斯拉夫語的俄語繼承詞",
    "源自古東斯拉夫語的俄語繼承詞"
  ],
  "etymology_text": "繼承自古東斯拉夫語 олъ (olŭ, “發酵酒;烈酒”),源自原始斯拉夫語 *ȍlъ (“啤酒,發酵酒”)。",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ol",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "о́ла",
      "raw_tags": [
        "屬格"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "о́лы",
      "tags": [
        "nominative plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "о́лов",
      "tags": [
        "genitive plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "俄语",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "俄語教會用語"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "葡萄酒以外的所有酒"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "教會"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "tags": [
    "inanimate",
    "masculine"
  ],
  "word": "ол"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "南阿爾泰語代詞",
    "南阿爾泰語詞元",
    "帶有非標準語言標題的頁面",
    "手動轉寫與自動轉寫不同的南阿爾泰語詞",
    "有8個詞條的頁面",
    "派生自原始突厥語的南阿爾泰語詞",
    "源自原始突厥語的南阿爾泰語繼承詞"
  ],
  "etymology_text": "源自原始突厥語 *ol (“他/她”)。",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ól",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "南阿爾泰語",
  "lang_code": "alt",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "他,她,它 (第三人稱單數代詞主語)"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ол"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "哈卡斯語代詞",
    "哈卡斯語詞元",
    "帶有非標準語言標題的頁面",
    "有8個詞條的頁面",
    "派生自原始突厥語的哈卡斯語詞",
    "源自原始突厥語的哈卡斯語繼承詞"
  ],
  "etymology_text": "源自原始突厥語 *ol (“他/她”)。",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ol",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "哈卡斯语",
  "lang_code": "kjh",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "他,她,它 (第三人稱單數代詞主語)"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "那個"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "指示代詞"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ол"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "哈薩克語代詞",
    "哈薩克語詞元",
    "帶有非標準語言標題的頁面",
    "有8個詞條的頁面",
    "派生自原始突厥語的哈薩克語詞",
    "源自原始突厥語的哈薩克語繼承詞"
  ],
  "etymology_text": "源自原始突厥語 *ol (“他/她”)。",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ol",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "哈萨克语",
  "lang_code": "kk",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "他,她,它 (第三人稱單數代詞主語)"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ол"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "圖瓦語代詞",
    "圖瓦語詞元",
    "帶有非標準語言標題的頁面",
    "有8個詞條的頁面",
    "派生自原始突厥語的圖瓦語詞",
    "源自原始突厥語的圖瓦語繼承詞"
  ],
  "etymology_text": "源自原始突厥語 *ol (“他/她”)。",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ol",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "图瓦语",
  "lang_code": "tyv",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "他,她,它 (第三人稱單數代詞主語)"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "那個,這個"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "指示代詞"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ол"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "多爾干語詞元",
    "多爾干語限定詞",
    "帶有非標準語言標題的頁面",
    "有8個詞條的頁面",
    "派生自原始突厥語的多爾干語詞",
    "源自原始突厥語的多爾干語繼承詞"
  ],
  "etymology_text": "源自原始突厥語 *ol (“他/她”)。",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ol",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "多尔干语",
  "lang_code": "dlg",
  "pos": "det",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "那個"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "指示"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ол"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "帶有非標準語言標題的頁面",
    "庫梅克語代詞",
    "庫梅克語詞元",
    "有8個詞條的頁面",
    "派生自原始突厥語的庫梅克語詞",
    "源自原始突厥語的庫梅克語繼承詞"
  ],
  "etymology_text": "源自原始突厥語 *ol (“他/她”)。",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ol",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "库梅克语",
  "lang_code": "kum",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "他,她,它 (第三人稱單數代詞主語)"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ол"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "帶有非標準語言標題的頁面",
    "有8個詞條的頁面",
    "派生自原始突厥語的雅庫特語詞",
    "源自原始突厥語的雅庫特語繼承詞",
    "雅庫特語詞元",
    "雅庫特語限定詞"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "оннук"
    },
    {
      "word": "onnuk"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "源自原始突厥語 *ol (“他/她”)。與土耳其語 o (“他,她,它,那個”)同源。",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ol",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "雅库特语",
  "lang_code": "sah",
  "pos": "det",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "那個"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "那個",
      "word": "анараа"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ол"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "帶有非標準語言標題的頁面",
    "有8個詞條的頁面",
    "派生自原始突厥語的雅庫特語詞",
    "源自原始突厥語的雅庫特語繼承詞",
    "雅庫特語代詞",
    "雅庫特語詞元"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "ол иһин"
    },
    {
      "word": "ol ihin"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "源自原始突厥語 *ol (“他/她”)。與土耳其語 o (“他,她,它,那個”)同源。",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ol",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "雅库特语",
  "lang_code": "sah",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "它(無生)"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ол"
}

Download raw JSONL data for ол meaning in All languages combined (5.1kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-05 from the zhwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-20 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.